When and how those decisions are made are fundamentally unanswered questions in sponge reproduction. Here we review the diversity of vertical transmission modes existent in the entire phylum Porifera ...

Brite, Skura Style, Sponge Daddy, Sponge Mommy, and others to find out which sponges made doing dishes easier and, in some ...

sponges are also the oldest animal on earth, the first to emerge from life's single common ancestor: a phylum. Since roughly 640 million years ago, sponges have been perfectly content to float ...

The sponge, coated with nanoparticles that have an affinity for pollutants, can collect metals like zinc and copper, as well as phosphate, and in previous iterations has successfully pulled lead from ...

Detecting danger is key to the survival and success of all species. Animal nervous and immune systems cooperate to optimize danger detection. Preceding studies have highlighted the benefits of ...

The information is presented and contains 128 species of parasites, distributed among the higher taxa as follows: Turbellaria (2 species), Trematoda (34 species), Cestoda (1 species), Annelida (38 ...