However, this symbol did not originate with Islam; it was adopted for the first time by the city of Byzantine (which later became Istanbul). While the Ottoman Empire ruled the Muslim world ...

Fez hats were once a symbol of the Ottoman Empire. But after they were banned in Egypt in the 1950s, fez shops largely disappeared. We visited one of the last shops in Cairo, where Nasser Abd El ...

The Siege of 1453 The Siege of 1453 was a defining moment for Constantinople and the world. The city, once considered ...