Volcanoes offer breath-taking views and thrilling adventures. Explore Iceland’s Thrihnukagigur magma chamber, Costa Rica’s ...

Stromatolites: You Can't Spell Mold Without Old One of the big problems with Kelvin's estimates for the age of the Earth was ...

There are 17 rare earths elements that, despite their name, are not especially rare ... Yttrium and Scandium The metals are found in some igneous rocks and clay deposits all over the world ...

Scientists are confident Mars was once abundant with water, as seen in massive flood-carved channels, ancient river valleys, ...

water-saturated igneous rock best explains data collected by NASA’s now-retired Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy, and Heat Transport (InSight) mission. While previous ...

"The most well-known example of an unconformity is 'The Great Unconformity,' which is a major geologic boundary found throughout North America that separates ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks ...

The water that feeds the springs can run through several different types of rocks. Basalt is one common bedrock. It's a volcanic (igneous) rock resulting from cooled lava with a low amount of silica.

For example, the volcanic rocks of the Absaroka Range are roughly 20 times older than the youngest Yellowstone caldera-forming eruption. Other mountain ranges in the region are not volcanic ...