Alternatively, as shown in the diagram, convection currents under the Earth’s crust transfer heat, which rises through the surface and cools back down in a circular motion. The convection ...

so scientists rely on seismic waves to understand and model its structure. Seismic waves are shock waves that propagate through Earth's layers after an earthquake or explosive event, traveling at ...

The Earth has a layered structure made up of the core, the mantle and the crust. Different elements are present in different parts of the Earth’s structure. The crust is made from enormous ...