Christopher Lee, DVM, MPH, DACVPM, explains why early detection and enhanced biosecurity are essential for mitigating the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza ...
Exactly when that shift would occur was anyone’s guess ... known in 1918 – but they had also developed a vaccine. Antigenic drift rendered this vaccine ineffective in the 1946 flu season.
In 1947, the vaccine was unexpectedly less efficient; it was discovered that the antigenic composition of the circulating virus had changed and antigenic drift ... and antigenic shift was ...
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